The nature of hell and its implications for souls after death is a topic that has been interpreted in various ways within Christian theology, based largely on different readings of biblical texts. Two primary views emerge from these interpretations: the traditional view of hell as a place of eternal conscious torment and the annihilationist view, which posits that souls are eventually destroyed or cease to exist.

1. Eternal Torment:
   The traditional view of hell as a place of eternal torment is supported by verses such as Matthew 25:46, where Jesus says, “Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.” These passages have been interpreted to mean that punishment in hell is ongoing and everlasting.
2. Annihilation or Conditional Immortality:
   The view known as annihilationism or conditional immortality interprets biblical texts to suggest that the souls of the wicked are not tormented forever but are ultimately destroyed or cease to exist. This interpretation often cites passages like Matthew 10:28, which says, “Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather, be afraid of the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell.” Proponents of this view argue that eternal life is a gift given only to the righteous, and that the wicked, instead of suffering eternally, face a final death or cessation of existence.

It’s important to recognize that these interpretations are part of broader theological frameworks and are influenced by understandings of God’s justice, mercy, and the nature of human existence after death. The diversity of views within Christianity reflects the complex nature of biblical texts and the deep questions they raise about life, death, and the hereafter. Both perspectives seek to faithfully interpret Scripture while grappling with the profound and often mysterious realities of God’s judgment and the afterlife.