The question of why God allows congenital defects in children, or any suffering, is one that has been contemplated throughout human history, touching on the profound issues of the nature of God, human suffering, and the purpose of life. The Bible does not provide a direct answer to why specific instances of suffering, such as congenital defects, occur. However, it does offer perspectives on suffering, God’s sovereignty, and the presence of imperfection in the world.

One foundational truth presented in the Bible is that we live in a fallen world, marred by sin since the fall of Adam and Eve (Genesis 3). This fall from grace introduced suffering and death into God’s perfect creation. Romans 8:22 says, “For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now.” The presence of congenital defects, like all forms of suffering, is a manifestation of this broader condition of a creation that awaits full restoration.

Yet, within this context of a fallen world, the Bible affirms God’s sovereignty and His love for humanity. God’s ways and reasons are beyond human understanding, as stated in Isaiah 55:8-9: “For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways, declares the Lord. As the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways and my thoughts than your thoughts.”

The Bible also shows that God can bring good out of suffering. The story of Joseph, who was sold into slavery by his brothers and endured many hardships, eventually reveals God’s purpose in allowing his suffering: “You intended to harm me, but God intended it for good to accomplish what is now being done, the saving of many lives” (Genesis 50:20). Similarly, the New Testament teaches that suffering can produce perseverance, character, and hope (Romans 5:3-5), and can be used by God to accomplish His purposes, though we may not always understand how in this life.

In the New Testament, Jesus showed compassion to all who suffered, healing sickness and disability, demonstrating God’s love and power over creation. Yet, He also taught that physical ailments are not always directly linked to sin or punishment but can be an opportunity for God’s works to be displayed (John 9:1-3).

Ultimately, the Bible points to the hope of redemption and restoration. Revelation 21:4 promises, “He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away.” In the meantime, believers are called to trust in God’s goodness, seek comfort in His presence, and extend His compassion and healing to those who suffer in this world.

The question of why congenital defects occur may not have a satisfying answer this side of eternity. However, the Bible encourages us to rest in the assurance of God’s love, to trust in His ultimate plan for restoration, and to find comfort in the hope of a future where all suffering will be eradicated.