This question delves into the profound and sacred mystery of the Holy Trinity, which is central to Christian doctrine. The concept of the Trinity holds that God exists as three persons in one essence: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit, each of whom is fully God, co-eternal and co-equal.

The relationship between Jesus and the Father, as presented in Scripture, encapsulates both Jesus’ equality with God and the distinct roles within the Trinity. When Jesus says, “I and the Father are one” (John 10:30), He affirms His divine nature and oneness with God, indicating equality in essence. Yet, in John 14:28, He also states, “The Father is greater than I,” which reflects the economic Trinity, concerning the roles and relationships within the Trinity in relation to the world and salvation. This statement acknowledges the Father’s role as the sender and source within the Trinity, highlighting the incarnation’s humility where the Son willingly submits and takes on human form to accomplish the work of salvation.

Understanding this duality requires faith and recognition of the mystery of God’s nature. It’s about comprehending the coexistence of Jesus’ divine nature, fully God, equal in essence and glory with the Father, and His willing submission in the economic operations of the Trinity, particularly in the incarnation and redemption of humanity. This divine mystery showcases the depth of God’s love and the profound unity and diversity within the Trinity.