The concept that all humans, including children, are born into a state of sin is derived from the doctrine of original sin, which is rooted in the Bible’s account of Adam and Eve’s disobedience in the Garden of Eden. According to Romans 5:12, “Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way death came to all people, because all sinned—” This verse highlights the theological understanding that sin and its consequences have affected all of humanity since the fall.

However, when considering the innocence of children, it is essential to distinguish between being born into a condition affected by sin and the personal guilt of individual acts of sin. The Bible presents a nuanced view of children, recognizing their special status and the care and protection they are afforded. Jesus Himself showed a particular tenderness towards children, saying in Matthew 19:14, “Let the little children come to me, and do not hinder them, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to such as these.”

Children are often seen as embodying innocence and purity in their trust and dependence, qualities that the kingdom of God values highly. In terms of moral accountability, the Bible suggests that there is an age or state of understanding at which individuals become responsible for their actions before God. Deuteronomy 1:39 refers to children who “do not yet know good from bad” as having a different status in the eyes of God concerning their entry into the Promised Land.

The doctrine of original sin does not negate the inherent worth or dignity of any individual, including children. Instead, it points to the universal need for redemption and the hope offered through Jesus Christ. Through His life, death, and resurrection, Jesus made a way for all humanity—children and adults alike—to be reconciled to God. In Him, the effects of sin can be overcome, and a new relationship with God can be established.

In addressing the spiritual status of children, the Bible encourages a posture of care, nurture, and guidance, helping to lead them towards a personal and meaningful relationship with God through Jesus Christ. The community of believers is called to reflect God’s love and grace to children, recognizing their special place in the heart of God and the potential for them to grow in faith and understanding.